Mega Minds

CHAPTER desirousshot 1. 1INTRODUCTION One of the nonions of over-population in a country is un plightment. Unemployment is the undoing of polishs because it literally destroys the singular morally and raptures the ties and races they form. Unemployment is the fact of a emergence of people, especially graduates non having a occupancy to key their lives suit the economy. Economy is the relationship or the link between the occupation, discipline and supply of m unmatchedy and other commodities in a particular country. A graduate is the person who has got a university degree and has ideal his or her school studies.In Nigeria, the main documental of every idiosyncratic who att destroys a elevated(prenominal) institution is get a telephone circuit after all the struggles in the institution. notwith erecting the b first-class honours degree is the case. Not to a greater extent than 20% of the graduates every year from divers(prenominal) institutions of higher discov ering in the country gets favor fitted immediately after school. Philosophers say that an indefensible mind is the devils carryshop. owe to the level of unemployment among graduates, offensive activity straddles gets on the increase. Frustration causes well-nigh of the crimes committed as a result of unemployment.Every individual would like to learn their ends meet. So, that is why all the crimes argon being committed. 1. 2TYPES OF UNEMPLOYMENT Unemployment rear be of umteen types. These be 1 FRICTIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT This is a kind of unemployment that occurs because it takes proletarians just ab off succession to move from one line of descent another. It may be the case that about workers attain new job onward they live their olds ones. In this case, a worker must look around for a job that is a good check into for him/her and this bear upon takes some time. During this time, the individual is calculateed to be discharged.But frictional unemployment is seen and thought and considered to last and for a while or hapless period of time. It has been seen by economists not to be especially problematic from an economical stand point. It toilette be the particularly time because the modern-day technology is helping some(prenominal) workers and companies make job search process more efficient. 2CYCLICLICAL UNEMPLOYMENT. Its probably not surprising that unemployment is higher during recession and depressions and move during periods of higher economic growth. But that is not the case for Nigerian economy in both(prenominal) focal point.Because of this, economist have coined the term, alternate(prenominal) unemployment to describe the unemployment associated with business cycles. When demand for goods and run in an economy falls, some companies suffice by cutting down production laying off workers rather than by reducing wages and prices. When this happens, at that place are more workers in an economy than on that point are available j obs, and as a result on that point is unemployment. 3SEASONAL UNEMPLOYMENT. This kind of unemployment results and keep be said to occur delinquent to the nature of job of an individual.For instance, road manifestation workers. Their works and operation comes temporarily to a halt during the rainy season. This is physical conditions of the environment. Owing to the situation, they are said to be unemployed during the season. Again the fishermen see excessively to be unemployed during the rainy season because of the high rise of the waters. So they are also termed to be unemployed seasonally. This type of unemployment is seasonal because the nature of the job of an individual suits a particular season to carry out effective operation.Apart from the above defined types of unemployment there are also voluntary and spontaneous unemployment. * VOLUNTORY UNEMPLOYMENT. This is a kind of unemployment whereby an individual or a person has personally decided not to acquire some(prenom inal) job. * INVOLUNTORY UNEMPLOYMENT This is the reverse of the case of voluntary unemployment. Involuntary unemployment is a situation whereby an individual is willinging and able to perform a particular labor movement as a job just no one is anywhere to be found. This is the intimately kind of unemployment that is experienced in the todays Nigerian economy. CHAPTER devil 2. CAUSES OF UNEMPLOYMENT There is a saying, there is no smoke without fire. This implies also to the station of unemployment among graduates of this country today. There are many causes of unemployment. Many are the affiliation of Nigerian university graduate, nevertheless the most harrowing is that of unemployment. Roaming the streets, aspect for jobs that are hardly in existence. When he is invited for an interview, he is subjected to in compassionate treatments, discriminations and humiliations. And at the end of the day, he is left in the algid as the job is given to the applier with the right conn ection.From time, the subject of unemployment has always been an burden of great concern to economists, policy makers and economic managers alike giving the devastating effect of this phenomenon on individuals, the parliamentary law and the economy at large. Omobola (2007), traced the nations graduate unemployment problem to the root causes and came up with the following (a) Graduate definition of a job (b) Expectations and (c) Competitiveness 2. 2BOOKISH KNOWLEDGE AND leave out OF SKILLS AND PRACTICE There is a better-looking gap between academia and industry.And this is one of the major causes of unemployment among Nigerian graduates. Our readingal institutions calculate to be producing only academicians who end up not solving the problems of the day. Out shaped courses are withal being taught in some of our educational institutions with absolute equipment and technologies. This is not the case in some go on countries are enhanced. In Nigeria, we can find a mechanical l ocomotive engineering student who would tell you all the functions of an engine but when you ask the same student to get wind a part he has mentioned, it becomes a problem.Some lecturers have fought for many years and have refused to make way for younger lecturers and is still living on his past ring. Our educational institutions have refused to expand facilities, employ modern equipments and also introduce applicable courses to meet the job market. 2. 3NIGERIAN GOVERNMENT AND sparing SYSTEM. Most of the people that extend tole most superior jobs and services in Nigeria are externalers. Negligence is laid on Nigerian graduates. And huge ransoms are paid to these foreigners in order to reward them and also slip away them back. CHAPTER THREE . 1EFFECTS OF UNEMPLOYMENT Unemployment lays very great cause on the society and the individual precisely. It is a killer disease among graduates. Unemployment is as insidious as inferiority complex. * PROSTITUTION AND pincer TRAFICKIN G When a graduate is unemployed for more than five years, especially the women, without having any writer of income, she starts developing the interest in whoredom as a cure to her problem. * wrong OF HUMAN ESOURCES The problem of unemployment causes loss of human resources. Labourers waste their maximum time in search of employment. INCREASE IN pauperization Unemployment deprives a man of all sources of income. As a result he grows poor. Therefore, unemployment generates poverty. * societal PROBLEMS Unemployment breeds many social problems comprising of dishonesty, gambling, bribery, theft, fraud, prostitution and others. As a result of unemployment, social society is jeopardized. * POLITICAL INTABILITY Unemployment gives birth to political unbalance in a country. Unemployed persons can easily be enticed by any anti-social elements. They lose all faith in democratic values and peaceful means.They consider that the political sympathies is worthless which fails to provide work f or them. * EXPLOITATION OF LABOUR In the conjure of unemployment, labourers are exploited to the maximum practicable extent. Those labourers who get work have to work under adverse condition of low wages. All this tells upon the efficiency of labourers greatly crop the pattern of unemployment opportunities in the country. Being poor, a person does not make any gainful use of existing resources. * imperfect EDUCATION SYSTEM The education organization in our country too has failed to respond to the existing inter-generation gap.It simply imparts general and literary education devoid of any serviceable extent. CHAPTER FOUR 4. 1 SOLUTIONS TO UNEMPLOYMENT A mode OUT The government should put up and adhere to the law of job divergence age. This will give rise to the fall by the wayside of those who have been in office, thereby creating fashion for young school leavers to take up the jobs. This will help in the simplification of unemployment in the country. VOCATIONAL INSTITUTIO N make-up The government should lay emphasis on the establishment of vocational institutions in Nigeria.This will give and impart skill generous knowledge on students or individuals. When an individual has interpreted a vocational institution, he can fend for himself. An individual learns a particular cope n a vocational institution. He may learn tailoring skill, craft, vulcanizing and other important trade the will give him income for survival there by creating employment. Government should recognize the professional personnel in Nigeria who waste their life history most times in forbid and put them in the spaces occupied by foreign contractors.The funniest part of this all is that government pay double ransomed to these foreign contractors as salary and a way of retaining them. Establishment like ITF Industrial educate Fund should also be enacted in the country. This is also related to vocational education institutions. Skills learning and acquisition centers should also b e built across the nation, in different places. With the erection of these centers, individuals would be motivated to attend in order to get what to do.For instance, the Lagos refinery only if would offer Job opportunities for up to 5000 workers and an direct 2000 workers to run the industrial complex. If all these are effectively carried out, everybody would be able to make food available on his table. CHAPTER louver 5. 1SUMMARY It is not a hidden issue, redden to the eyes of toddler, on the rate of unemployment in Nigeria, especially among the university graduates. These are those who have burned-over their mid night candles to make true that they become some person in life, but due to the menace of unemployment in the country, the reverse has become their case.But no numerate how everything stands, the menace of unemployment can still be traced back to concern the government of the country. If the government should make a move concerning this issue, at least it is said th at heaven helps those who helps themselves, til now the individuals will be motivated. It is when a hand is stretched to drowning person that attempts to rescuer can be made. The country, at the state of unemployment rate is mischievously drowning. Sp more emphasis should be laid. besides we should try to imbibe our culture and get around the culture of the white man British man.Emulations are on the high rate which I personally would term illiteracy. For instance, a white man may be seen putting a kind of meet woolen material on the video set. This is because of the weather conditions over there. But a Nigerian would emulate and want to be like the white man, and one sees mortal putting a woolen thick-skulled material under the harsh hot weather condition of the tropical Africa. ILLITRACY Generally, both the individuals and the top officials should all put hands on deck to eradicate the irritating menace of unemployment in Nigeria.REFERENCES 1. News babble out powder ma gazines p. g 26, 1992. 2. Mrs Omobolas speech on the causes and effects of unemployment 2007 3. Prof Jonan Bruwer, unit for institutional planning and research, june 2006 4. Google search engine _ Wikipedia cyclopedia _www. huffintonpost. co. uk/tag/gragduate unemployment 5. Yahoo search engine 6. A-one in English textbook an undertake on unemployment 7. Marist brothers Juniorate castle of learning 2011 8. Newspoint newspaper p. g 12, 2008 9. effortless newspaper p. g 35, 2009 10. Vanguard magazine p. g 6, 2002.